Tj. Kuipers (1857-1942) The Reformed Kuipers brothers, Roelof (1855-1922), Tjeerd (1857-1942) and Foeke (1871-1954) all three followed in the footsteps of their father Egbert Kuypers, who was a carpenter-contractor, as an architect. The archive at the NAI is fragmentary in nature and includes drawings and sketches by Tjeerd Kuipers, and the album "Foeke Kuipers collected works 1899-1941," which was compiled by his family on the occasion of his seventieth birthday. In addition, the NAI owns a painted portrait of Foeke Kuipers. Tjeerd Kuipers developed into a much sought-after church builder in Reformed circles. The Funenkerk in Amsterdam (1888-1889), the Gereformeerde Kerk in Heeg (1889) and the Nieuwe Westerkerk in Rotterdam (1889-1890) are among the earliest churches in the Netherlands in a pure Neo-Renaissance style, entirely in line with the Reformed leader Abraham Kuyper, who rejected Gothic as an architectural style. The church building should not be a sanctuary on earth, but should be oriented toward the assembly of believers. Other churches by Kuipers' hand include the Wilhelminakerk in Dordrecht (1898), the Nieuwe Zuiderkerk (1914) and the Bergsingelkerk (1914), both in Rotterdam. Among his masterpieces are the Synagogue in Groningen in oriental style (1905-1906, in collaboration with architect Ytzen van der Veen) and the Koepelkerk in Leeuwarden, built as an amphitheater (1921-1923). In addition to this church construction, Kuipers also worked on secular building commissions. Entirely in the style of exoticism, each of his seven mansions in Amsterdam's Roemer Visscherstraat, which he designed on behalf of the philanthropist Van Eeghen in 1894, depicts the contribution of a country to the history of architecture. The houses are titled England, the Netherlands, Russia, Italy, Spain, France and Germany.